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Yelizaveta Andreyevna Lavrovskaya ((ロシア語:Елизавета Андреевна Лавровская); – February 4, 1919) was a Russian mezzo-soprano praised for her dramatic performances of operatic arias and her sensitive interpretations of lieder.〔Spencer, ''New Grove (1980)'', 10:556.〕 An acquaintance of composer Pyotr Ilyich Tchaikovsky, she suggesed that he compose an opera based on Alexander Pushkin's verse-play ''Eugene Onegin''.〔Brown, ''Crisis Years'', 142.〕 Tchaikovsky followed her suggestion; the result was the composer's finest opera.〔Brown, ''Crisis Years'', 137.〕 ==Life and career== Born in Kashin, Lavrovskaya studied first at the Elizabeth Institute in Moscow under Fenzi,〔( "Lavrovskaya, Yelizaveta Andreyevna (Princess Tzereteli)," ''Russian Composers and Musicians''. Retrieved 28 March 2009. )〕 then at the St. Petersburg Conservatory under Henriette Nissen-Saloman. The Grand Duchess Yelena Pavlovna, the German-born aunt of Tsar Alexander II of Russia and royal sponsor of both the Russian Musical Society and the St. Petersburg Conservatory,〔Brown, ''Early Years'', 59.〕 was impressed by Lavrovskaya's performance in a student presentation of Christoph Willibald Gluck's opera ''Orfeo ed Euridice''. She sent Lavroskaya to Paris in 1867 to study with French mezzo-soprano Pauline Viardot. Upon her return in 1868, Lavroskaya was engaged by the St. Petersburg Imperial Opera, making her professional debut as Vanya in Mikhail Glinka's opera ''A Life for the Tsar''.〔 Lavrovskaya later sang Ratmir in ''Ruslan and Lyudmila'', along with many other mezzo-soprano roles, including Carmen and Mignon.〔Garden, ''New Grove (2001)'', 14:393.〕 She stayed with the company four years, after which she went to Paris for further studies with Viardot and to further develop her concert career.〔Spencer and Formes, ''New Grove Opera'', 2:1112.〕 After a series of European tours, she was re-engaged by the St. Petersburg Imperial Opera, singing there from 1878 to 1902.〔 She also appeared at the Bolshoi Theatre in Moscow during the 1890 season.〔 Lavrovskaya was also well known as a recitalist, not only in Russia but also in Western Europe, singing at the Monday Popular Concerts at the Crystal Palace in London in 1873 and at the Paris Exhibition of 1878.〔 In 1870, she premiered Tchaikovsky's song, "None but the lonely heart" in Moscow, following it with its St. Petersburg premiere the following year during an all-Tchaikovsky concert hosted by Nikolai Rubinstein;〔Brown, ''Early Years'', 214—215; Warrack, 59.〕 the latter was the first concert devoted entirely to Tchaikovsky's works.〔Spencer, ''New Grove (1980)'' 10:556.〕 Lavrovskaya was much admired by Tchaikovsky, who dedicated his Six Romances, Op. 27 to her, and by Mily Balakirev at whose Russian Musical Society and Free Music School concerts she was a regular guest artist.〔 Sergei Rachmaninoff dedicated two of his Op. 15 songs to Lavrovskaya, "She is lovely as the noon" and "In my soul" (flame" ).〔Bertensson and Leyda, 409.〕 In 1877, during a conversation with Tchaikovsky on possible opera subjects, Lavrovskaya suggested ''Onegin''.〔 "The idea seemed wild and I didn't reply", the composer later wrote his brother Modest. "Later, while dining ''alone'' at an inn, I recalled ''Onegin'', fell to thinking about it, next began to find Lavrovskaya's idea a possibility, then was carried away by it, and by the end of the meal had made up my mind. Straightway I ran off to track down a ''Pushkin''. I found one with difficulty, set off home, read it through with delight, and passed an utterly sleepless night, the result of which was the scenario of a delightful opera on Pushkin's text."〔As quoted in Brown, ''Crisis Years'', 142.〕 In 1871, Lavrovskaya married Prince Tsertelev. In 1888, she became professor of singing at the Moscow Conservatory. Tchaikovsky considered her to be an "excellent" teacher.〔 She died in St. Petersburg (then called Petrograd) in 1919.〔 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Yelizaveta Lavrovskaya」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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